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  • A young woman in a bright red jacket paddles a vintage wooden canoe in a stream. MODEL RELEASED - To license this image, click on the shopping cart below - -- Determine pricing and license this image, simply by clicking "Add To Cart" below -- A fit young woman in a red jacket and a cap paddles a vintage canoe in fast moving water. MODEL RELEASED
    JKH143.jpg
  • A young woman in a bright red jacket paddles a vintage wooden canoe in a stream. MDEL RELEASED - To license this image, click on the shopping cart below - -- Determine pricing and license this image, simply by clicking "Add To Cart" below -- A fit young woman in a red jacket and a cap paddles a vintage canoe in fast moving water. MODEL RELEASED
    JKH142.jpg
  • A young woman in a bright red jacket paddles a vintage wooden canoe in a stream. MODEL RELEASED - To license this image, click on the shopping cart below - -- Determine pricing and license this image, simply by clicking "Add To Cart" below
    JKH140.jpg
  • A young woman in a bright red jacket paddles a vintage wooden canoe in a stream. MODEL RELEASED - To license this image, click on the shopping cart below - -- Determine pricing and license this image, simply by clicking "Add To Cart" below -- A fit young woman in a red jacket and a cap paddles a vintage canoe in fast moving water. MODEL RELEASED
    JKH138.jpg
  • A young woman in a bright red jacket paddles a vintage wooden canoe in a stream. MODEL RELEASED - To license this image, click on the shopping cart below - -- Determine pricing and license this image, simply by clicking "Add To Cart" below -- A fit young woman in a red jacket and a cap paddles a vintage canoe in fast moving water. MODEL RELEASED
    JKH144.jpg
  • A young woman in a bright red jacket paddles a vintage wooden canoe in a stream. MODEL RELEASED - To license this image, click on the shopping cart below - -- Determine pricing and license this image, simply by clicking "Add To Cart" below -- A fit young woman in a red jacket and a cap paddles a vintage canoe in fast moving water. MODEL RELEASED
    JKH141.jpg
  • A young woman in a bright red jacket paddles a vintage wooden canoe in a stream. MODEL RELEASED - To license this image, click on the shopping cart below - -- Determine pricing and license this image, simply by clicking "Add To Cart" below -- A fit young woman in a red jacket and a cap paddles a vintage canoe in fast moving water. MODEL RELEASED
    JKH139.jpg
  • A young woman in a bright red jacket paddles a vintage wooden canoe in a stream. MODEL RELEASED - To license this image, click on the shopping cart below - -- Determine pricing and license this image, simply by clicking "Add To Cart" below -- A fit young woman in a red jacket and a cap paddles a vintage canoe in fast moving water. MODEL RELEASED
    JKH137.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins3206.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins785.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins3718.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins3547.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins3546.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins3489.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins3359.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins931.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins237.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins220.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins 216.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins12652.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins12639.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins5721.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins786.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins782.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins3717.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins3366.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins3361.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins1173.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins3358.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins1172.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins242.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins241.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins238.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins239.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins235.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins234.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins231.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins228.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins227.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins226.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins 5723.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins 219.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins217.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins783.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins3714.jpg
  • Charles Andrew "Andy" Stanley (born May 16, 1958) is the senior pastor of North Point Community Church in Alpharetta, Georgia, Buckhead Church, Browns Bridge Church, Gwinnett Church, Watermark Church, and Decatur City Church.<br />
<br />
He also founded North Point Ministries, which is a worldwide Christian organization.<br />
<br />
Stanley is the son of the evangelist Reverend Charles Stanley, founder of InTouch Ministries and known worldwide for his televangelism.
    Andy Stanley_Ken Hawkins233.jpg
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-11.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-15.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-13.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-12.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-15.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-14.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-13.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-12.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-10.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-9.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-8.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-7.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-6.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-4.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-5.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-3.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-1.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-2.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-14.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-11.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-9.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-7.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-8.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-6.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-4.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-5.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-3.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-2.tif
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-1.tif
  • Kokanee salmon are a landlocked form of the red salmon, which is native to the marine and fresh waters of the pacific Northwest. The Kokanee was first introduced into the waters of Lake Tahoe in 1944 when holding ponds at the old Tahoe city fish hatchery overflowed. During October and November of each year, 3 and 4 year old Kokanee gather in large groups in Lake Tahoe at the mouth of Taylor Creek. At this time, strong reproductive changes cause their bodies to turn red and the males to develop heavy, hooked jaws. Kokanee sexually mature usually in 4 years and spawn in pairs during November-December. Eggs are laid in redds and hatch in 110 days at 43 degrees F. Fry emerge in spring and enter the lake. Adults die soon after spawning.
    0829A235
  • Kokanee salmon are a landlocked form of the red salmon, which is native to the marine and fresh waters of the pacific Northwest. The Kokanee was first introduced into the waters of Lake Tahoe in 1944 when holding ponds at the old Tahoe city fish hatchery overflowed. During October and November of each year, 3 and 4 year old Kokanee gather in large groups in Lake Tahoe at the mouth of Taylor Creek. At this time, strong reproductive changes cause their bodies to turn red and the males to develop heavy, hooked jaws. Kokanee sexually mature usually in 4 years and spawn in pairs during November-December. Eggs are laid in redds and hatch in 110 days at 43 degrees F. Fry emerge in spring and enter the lake. Adults die soon after spawning.
    0829A234
  • Kokanee salmon are a landlocked form of the red salmon, which is native to the marine and fresh waters of the pacific Northwest. The Kokanee was first introduced into the waters of Lake Tahoe in 1944 when holding ponds at the old Tahoe city fish hatchery overflowed. During October and November of each year, 3 and 4 year old Kokanee gather in large groups in Lake Tahoe at the mouth of Taylor Creek. At this time, strong reproductive changes cause their bodies to turn red and the males to develop heavy, hooked jaws. Kokanee sexually mature usually in 4 years and spawn in pairs during November-December. Eggs are laid in redds and hatch in 110 days at 43 degrees F. Fry emerge in spring and enter the lake. Adults die soon after spawning.
    0829A233
  • Kokanee salmon are a landlocked form of the red salmon, which is native to the marine and fresh waters of the pacific Northwest. The Kokanee was first introduced into the waters of Lake Tahoe in 1944 when holding ponds at the old Tahoe city fish hatchery overflowed. During October and November of each year, 3 and 4 year old Kokanee gather in large groups in Lake Tahoe at the mouth of Taylor Creek. At this time, strong reproductive changes cause their bodies to turn red and the males to develop heavy, hooked jaws. Kokanee sexually mature usually in 4 years and spawn in pairs during November-December. Eggs are laid in redds and hatch in 110 days at 43 degrees F. Fry emerge in spring and enter the lake. Adults die soon after spawning.
    0829A231
  • Kokanee salmon are a landlocked form of the red salmon, which is native to the marine and fresh waters of the pacific Northwest. The Kokanee was first introduced into the waters of Lake Tahoe in 1944 when holding ponds at the old Tahoe city fish hatchery overflowed. During October and November of each year, 3 and 4 year old Kokanee gather in large groups in Lake Tahoe at the mouth of Taylor Creek. At this time, strong reproductive changes cause their bodies to turn red and the males to develop heavy, hooked jaws. Kokanee sexually mature usually in 4 years and spawn in pairs during November-December. Eggs are laid in redds and hatch in 110 days at 43 degrees F. Fry emerge in spring and enter the lake. Adults die soon after spawning.
    0829A232
  • Drops of water spin from a fly fishing reel as line is stripped out.
    Fly Rod_Ken Hawkins09.jpg
  • The East Side Big Pipe is a large sewer line and tunnel in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is part of a combined sewer system of pipes, sumps, drains, pumps, and other infrastructure that transports sewage and stormwater run-off to the city's Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant. The East Side Big Pipe project, begun in 2006 and finished in 2011, was the largest of a 20-year series of projects designed to nearly eliminate combined sewer overflows (CSO)s into the Willamette River and the Columbia Slough. The combined projects were completed on time, and they reduced CSOs into the river by 94 percent and into the slough by more than 99 percent. The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m) long and had a cutting head that was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter. In addition to the tunnel and the pipe, the project involved building seven access shafts, connecting pipelines, and the Portsmouth Forcemain, which carries sewage from the Swan Island Pump Station to the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant.[3]<br />
<br />
The Portsmouth Forcemain, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 66 inches (170 cm) in diameter, runs north from the pump station across Swan Island and under Waud Bluff and North Willamette Boulevard. There it meets the pre-existing Portsmouth Tunnel, which conveys combined sewage by gravity to the treatment plant.[4]<br />
<br />
Costs associated with the CSO projects, which totaled about $1.4 billion, included $450 million for the East Side CSO Tunnel and $70 million for the Portsmouth Forcemain. Most of the financing for the projects is coming from sewer ratepayers and almost none from state or Federal governments.The East Side tunnel was the largest sewer construction project ever undertaken by the City of Portland. A contractor, Kiewit-Bilfinger Berger (KBB), used a tunnel-boring machine that was 300 feet (91 m)
    Big Pipe_Ken Hawkins-10.tif
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-27.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-20.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-12.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-4.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-3.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    Depave - Turning Parking Lots Into P...pdf
  • Depave's core volunteers with a mural of a farmer plowing up concrete to reclaim the land. Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-30.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-29.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-28.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-25.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-26.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-24.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-21.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-18.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-19.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-17.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-16.jpg
  • Volunteers working with the Portland Oregon nonprofit group Depave remove asphalt and concrete from parking lots in order to create gardens and playgrounds that foster both a higher quality of life and also better stormwater drainage, averting polluted, toxic runoff from streams and rivers. ** See accompanying text story within picture package.
    KenHawkins_depave_-15.jpg
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